This unit of work enables children to gain an in-depth understanding of three states of matter by exploring changes in water and foods when they are heated and cooled. The inclusion of Professor Particle -Scientific Chef, and an array of fun and engaging activities provides a stimulating hook throughout.
Lessons are approximately 75 minutes long and should be taught in order. It is recommended that this is the first unit taught in Year 4 because the concept of investigations are revisited and provide numerous opportunities to recap Year 3 learning.
Disciplinary knowledge is embedded throughout the unit alongside the most appropriate substantive knowledge.
Substantive knowledge of states of matter and the water cycle is taught through a variety of fun and practical activities.
In this block of learning, you will cover the following lessons:
Our Year 4 States of Matter unit introduces pupils to the fascinating world of solids, liquids and gases through a series of well-structured, practical lessons. This unit helps children build key scientific knowledge about the properties of materials, how they behave when heated or cooled, and how these changes link to everyday experiences such as cooking, weather and the water cycle.
As part of our Scintillating Science programme, this block supports the development of both substantive and disciplinary knowledge. Pupils are encouraged to make predictions, carry out investigations, and use scientific vocabulary to explain their findings. This is also an important point in their science journey where they begin to conduct more formal enquiries and develop their understanding of fair testing and observation over time.
Across six engaging lessons, children will explore:
Each lesson has been carefully planned to build on prior learning while introducing new scientific concepts through relatable and enjoyable activities. Children will take part in real investigations, handle materials, and observe changes in state – giving them a strong foundation for later topics involving particles, chemical changes and environmental science.
What makes this unit stand out is its use of imaginative contexts and clear scientific purpose. From exploring chocolate melting points to working with recipes in a science-led kitchen setting, pupils are fully engaged in the learning process. These lessons are practical, age-appropriate, and filled with opportunities to record findings, ask questions and think scientifically.
This unit aligns with the Ofsted science subject report and meets the requirements of the KS2 national curriculum. It also connects to other curriculum areas such as geography (water cycle), maths (measuring and recording), and DT (working with recipes and food).
Lessons are designed to last around 75 minutes and are best delivered in sequence. Each session builds on the last, supporting progression in both scientific knowledge and enquiry skills. The structure also helps teachers build a clear picture of pupil understanding across the block, with opportunities to adapt and extend where needed.
Whether you’re an experienced teacher or new to KS2 science, our resources provide everything you need to deliver engaging and purposeful science lessons. With full guidance, low-prep resources and child-friendly visuals, you’ll be ready to explore changes of state with confidence.
Help your pupils investigate, explore, and explain how materials change – and why it matters. – with our complete Year 4 States of Matter unit. Free trial available.
